An Overview of Low Level Laser Therapy

Low Level Laser Therapy is also known as LLLT or Cold Laser. Low Level Laser Light differs from ordinary light in four ways. It is much more intense, directional, monochromatic and coherent. Most lasers consist of a column of active material with a partly reflecting mirror at one end and a fully reflecting mirror at the other. The active material can be solid (ruby crystal), liquid or gas (HeNe, CO2 etc.).

The light energy absorbed into the patient’s tissue triggers biological changes at a cellular level to provide topical heating for the temporary increase in local blood circulation; temporary relief of minor muscle and joint aches, pains, and stiffness; relaxation of muscles and relief of muscle spasms; and temporary relief of minor pain and stiffness associated with arthritis. The dose and frequency of treatment can be adjusted to produce the desired effect. Low Level Laser Light has unique physical properties that no ordinary light has. This is the key to why laser light is so effective compared to other kinds of light in healing.

There is no exact limit with respect to the penetration of the light. The light gets weaker the further from the surface it penetrates. There is, however, a limit at which the light intensity is so low that no biological effect of the light can be registered. This limit, where the effect ceases, is called the greatest active depth. In addition to the factors mentioned above, this depth is also contingent on tissue type, pigmentation, and dirt on the skin. Fat tissue is more transparent than muscle tissue.

Some laser applicators may cause a noticeable heat sensation, particularly in hairy areas and on sensitive tissues such as lips.